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Dexamethasone ( dek-suh-METH-uh-zone ) (Decadron®) What is this medication used for?
Dexamethasone, a hormone similar to hormones made in the body, works by killing some cancer cells; it can also increase the effectiveness of some chemotherapy drugs. It may also be used to treat inflammation, allergic reactions, and nausea or vomiting.
• Broken bones • Lack of blood supply to the bones, leading to bone tissue death (avascular necrosis). Occurs with long-term use. Special instructions: • Take tablet with meals. Milk or antacids may help to decrease upset stomach. • A medicine to help decrease heartburn or upset stomach. may be prescribed • The appetite will increase. Healthy snacks (e.g., fruits, vegetables, and whole grains) are recommended. • Avoid salty foods (e.g., potato chips and canned foods). This will help to minimize fluid retention. • Notify a healthcare provider for black bowel movements or blood in sputum (spit)/emesis (vomit) This is often a sign of bleeding • Notify a healthcare provider for an increase in thirst or urination (a sign of increased blood sugar or sugar in the urine). • Notify a healthcare provider for any persistent pain in joints such as the hip, knee, or shoulder. • Do not stop taking this medicine suddenly, unless directed by a healthcare provider. • This medicine may need to be stopped slowly over several days to weeks.
What does it look like? • Tablet • Clear liquid How is it given? • By mouth
• Into the vein (IV) or venous access device What are the common side effects? • Increased appetite, weight gain, and fluid retention • Skin changes, rash, or acne • High blood pressure causing headaches and dizziness • Irritability • Mood swings, depression, or extreme feelings of happiness • Difficulty sleeping • Weak bones • Full or round “moon face” (with long-term use) • Upset stomach • Increased blood sugar and sugar in the urine • Less resistance to infection What are the less common side effects? • Delayed wound healing • Kidney stones • Heartburn • Muscle weakness • Cloudiness of the eye or visual disturbance (with long- term use) What are the rare but serious side effects? • Blurred vision • Bleeding from sores in the stomach
Notes from Your Healthcare Team
Not all of the possible side effects of this medicine and precautions related to taking it are covered in this information sheet. For a complete list of side effects and precautions, ask your healthcare professional (doctor, nurse, pharmacist) for a manufacturer’s package insert or another reference.
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